Whole Numbers
• number chart 1-100
• place values (base ten blocks)
• place values table
• the abacus (bridging 100, 1 000, 10 000)
• number lines
• expanded notation
• expressing a number in words
• ordering
• rounding to the nearest ten
• introducing factors and multiples
• ordering whole numbers
• patterns
• adding or subtracting 10 or 100
• multiplication by powers 10 (10, 100)

Addition
• addition of 2 digit numbers with 2 digit numbers (carries)
• addition in vertical format (3 digits numbers with 2 and 3 digit numbers)
• addition of three 2 digit numbers
• addition of 3 digit numbers with two other numbers
• number patterns with doubling
• number sentences
• introducing the “sum of”
• mental addition strategies (groping and repeated addition)
• addition and subtraction as inverse operations
• addition stories
• terminology
• estimation techniques

Subtraction
• consolidation of the subtraction concept
• number patterns
• subtraction 3 digit numbers (with and without zeros)
• regrouping in ones, tens and units
• estimation
• using addition to check subtraction
• subtraction stories

Multiplication
• consolidation of groups, number lines, arrays, and repeated addition
• multiplication terminology
• multiplication facts 1 to 10
• square numbers
• representing and recording multiplication
• 2 digit numbers by 1 digit numbers (regrouping and an internal zero)
• mental calculation using vertical format
• estimation
• story problems (graphs, shopping, tables, maps, number lines and words)

Division
• consolidation of equal shares and representing division
• review of making groups, number lines, and recognizing a division situation
• recording division (horizontal representation and the ÷ sign)
• introduction to the division frame
• other facts
• fact families
• terminology (dividend, divisor, quotient)
• estimation
• story problems

Fractions
• review of 1/2 , 1/3 , 1/4 as introduced in Green level
• conceptual development of common fractions
• identifying equal parts: concept of part and whole
• identifying unequal parts
• partitioning shapes - naming
• fraction symbolism - “top number” and “bottom number” at this stage
• common fractions compared with a whole
• comparing unit fractions and all fractions
• introduction of mixed numbers: concept and symbol
• decimal fractions to tenths
• addition and subtraction of decimal numbers (no regrouping,
regrouping)
• story problems and estimation

Time and Money
• durations: hours, minutes and seconds, days, weeks, fortnight,
years, decades, centuries, seasons
• representing time: o’clock, half past, 30 minutes past and minutes
past, quarter past, a.m. and p.m.
• calendars: months, ordinals to 31st , calendar construction, seasons
• rhyme for number of days in the months
• write dates using correct abbreviations
• days and months to or since certain events
• identification: all coins and notes
• dollars and cents: written form and total value
• shopping : multiple items and change given
• money: operations with money and conversion of $ and cents to cents

Measurement
• concept of mass: consolidation and conservation of mass and
the kilogram
• consolidation of length
• concept of length: comparison of 2 and more objects - consolidation
• informal units of length, the metre, length, width, height, boundary
= perimeter
• consolidation of the concept of area and part units
• consolidation of the concept of volume
• the litre, less than, more than, millilitres
• concept of angles: turns and corners, right angles

Space
• identify and describe plane (2-D) shapes: inside/outside, tangrams, geometric: point, boundary, regular and irregular polygons, diagonals, table of facts
• compare and classify plane shapes: according to three attributes, 5 sides or more - shape is labelled according to the number of sides, quadrilaterals
• identify and describe 3-D shapes (solids): geometric: cube, sphere, cone, pyramid, side, prism, cylinder, cross-sections, pyramid construction
• symmetry: exploration through plane shapes, lines of symmetry, shapes and sides etc

Chance and Data
• introduction to probability: chance, possible, certain, likely, unlikely,
more likely, least likely, best chance, equal chance
• graphs: 2 column - organising, collecting and interpreting
• graphs: 3 column - organising, collecting and interpreting
• graphs: 4 column - organising, collecting and interpreting

Back